In recent years, one-dimensional (1D) nanomaterials have raised researcher's interest because of their unique structural characteristic to generate and confine the optical signal and their promising prospects in photonic applications. In this review, we summarized the recent research advances on the spectroscopy and carrier dynamics of 1D nanostructures. First, the condensation and propagation of exciton–polaritons in nanowires (NWs) are introduced. Second, we discussed the properties of 1D photonic crystal (PC) and applications in photonic–plasmonic structures. Third, the observation of topological edge states in 1D topological structures is introduced. Finally, the perspective on the potential opportunities and remaining challenges of 1D nanomaterials is proposed.In recent years, one-dimensional (1D) nanomaterials have raised researcher's interest because of their unique structural characteristic to generate and confine the optical signal and their promising prospects in photonic applications. In this review, we summarized the recent research advances on the spectroscopy and carrier dynamics of 1D nanostructures. First, the condensation and propagation of exciton–polaritons in nanowires (NWs) are introduced. Second, we discussed the properties of 1D photonic crystal (PC) and applications in photonic–plasmonic structures. Third, the observation of topological edge states in 1D topological structures is introduced. Finally, the perspective on the potential opportunities and remaining challenges of 1D nanomaterials is proposed.

当激子与腔光子间的相互作用强于激子和腔光子的衰减时，激子能级与腔模之间产生强耦合，形成的准粒子被称为激子极化激元。激子极化激元有效质量小，同时具有较强的非线性，在慢光和低功耗发光器件等方面具有巨大的应用前景。传统Ⅲ-Ⅴ族无机半导体材料激子束缚能较弱，而有机半导体材料非线性系数较小等问题限制着室温条件下激子极化激元的应用。卤化物钙钛矿材料具有高吸收系数、长扩散长度、高缺陷容忍度以及低非辐射复合率等一系列优异的光电性质，并且具有高的激子束缚能和振子强度，成为研究光与物质强相互作用的理想材料。文中从卤化物钙钛矿结构和法布里-珀罗（Fabry-Pérot, F-P）微腔类型两方面介绍了近年来卤化物钙钛矿与F-P微腔强耦合在激子极化激元方面的研究进展。首先回顾了极化激元的研究背景和卤化物钙钛矿的基本光电特性，其次介绍了三维钙钛矿和二维层状钙钛矿各自的特点以及与F-P微腔强耦合的相关研究，随后对钙钛矿的自构型和非自构型F-P微腔激子极化激元的调控与相关应用进行了讨论，最后总结和展望了卤化物钙钛矿激子极化激元面临的挑战以及未来研究方向。

Two-dimensional (2D) perovskites are hybrid layered materials in which the inorganic lattice of an octahedron is sandwiched by organic layers. They behave as a quantum-well structure exhibiting large exciton binding energy and high emission efficiency, which is excellent for photonic applications. Hence, the cavity modulation and cavity devices of 2D perovskites are widely investigated. In this review, we summarize the rich photophysics, synthetic methods of different cavity structures, and the cavity-based applications of 2D perovskites. We highlight the strong exciton–photon coupling and photonic lasing obtained in different cavity structures. In addition, functional optoelectronic devices using cavity structures of 2D perovskites are also reviewed.